We used PR8 virus as our model virus to address this question. -. PMC For more information about this format, please see the Archive Torrents collection. Click here to visit your profile and update your email address and/or resend the verification message. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. concentrated and purified from infectious allantoic fluids by means of one or two cycles of differential centrifugation and inactivated by different treatments have been prepared and subjected to laboratory tests. PR8 influenza virus Nasal immunization 1. government site. Abstract Highly purified preparations of PR8 influenza virus were obtained from perfused, infected mouse lungs by a combination of methods involving adsorption of the virus on and elution from chicken red cells and differential centrifugation. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Sedimentation studies in sucrose solutions of varying densities showed a non-linear dependence of sedimentation rate upon solvent density, indicating that the density in solution increases with increasing sugar concentration. After purification by density gradient procedures, the virus preparations were tested for the presence of host antigens with antisera to appropriate host materials. 1944 Dec 1;80(6):507-20. doi: 10.1084/jem.80.6.507. PubMed:17296744: NA: Influenza A_N1_antiviral-response_295(1)_N275S_Resistance to . The present disclosure provides small hairpin nucleic acid molecules capable of stimulating interferon production. Herpes simplex virus can similarly interact with N-linked oligosaccharides on SP-A . We want to hear from you. Influenza A virus (H1N1) strain A/PR/8/34 is propagated in SPF chicken embryonated eggs. SARS-CoV-2 Genome Assembly and Annotation. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to, CENTRIFUGATION AND ULTRAFILTRATION STUDIES ON ALLANTOIC FLUID PREPARATIONS OF INFLUENZA VIRUS, THE PREPARATION OF HIGHLY PURIFIED PR8 INFLUENZA VIRUS FROM INFECTED MOUSE LUNGS, ELECTROPHORETIC STUDIES ON PR8 INFLUENZA VIRUS. The (re)emergence of new influenza viruses or SARS-CoV-2 variants, confirms that we are in front of recurrent and unpredictable risk of epidemics and pandemic. Welcome to the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC), an information system designed to support research on bacterial and viral infectious diseases. It was antigenically different from the influenza A (PR8) virus, but had the same properties in terms of culture in eggs. The IP address used for your Internet connection is part of a subnet that has been blocked from access to PubMed Central. The extrapolated value for one preparation was 722 Svedberg units and the value for another preparation was 658 units. Peer-reviewed Research Article Antibodies with 'Original Antigenic Sin' Properties Are Valuable Components of Secondary Immune Responses to Influenza Viruses Susanne L. Linderman, AffiliationsDepartment of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America, If you have questions or need assistance, please contact us at help@bv-brc.org. MeSH J Exp Med 1 December 1944; 80 (6): 531548. Viral data and analysis tools and services from IRD/ViPR have now been integrated into the resource. Preparation of inactivated influenza vaccines is conventionally achieved by exposure of cell- or egg-derived live virus to beta-propiolactone (BPL) or formaldehyde (FA). The density in the absence of sucrose was estimated to be about 1.1. [26] sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal The biophysical properties of several preparations of PR8 influenza virus have been studied. The PR8 strain of influenza A virus was grown in canine kidney cell cultures and in chick and duck embryos. PMC . we address these issues by examining the differential properties of HA head and stalk-binding . If you are transitioning from PATRIC or IRD/ViPR, please refer to the Quick Start Guide to learn how to get started with BV-BRC. 2 a). cH5/1 PR8 N3 virus or Cal/09 N3 virus (100 PFU) was . The spreading of the boundary during sedimentation was shown to be represented by a standard deviation of the sedimentation rate equal to 8 per cent of the mean. and transmitted securely. Download Citation | On May 16, 2011, Robert L. Atmar and others published Influenza Viruses | Find, read and cite all the research you need on ResearchGate The .gov means its official. The virus particles floated in a sugar solution with a density of 1.18. After purification by density gradient procedures, the virus preparations were tested for the presence of host antigens with antisera to appropriate host materials. Electron micrographs showed slightly irregular, circular particles with an average diameter of 115 mmicro and a standard deviation of the distribution of diameters of 15 per cent. It is estimated that such hydrated virus particles are about 100 m in diameter. Epub 2015 Jan 19. Lung-adapted PR8 virus was used as a control. Electron micrographs showed slightly irregular, circular particles with an average diameter of 115 mmicro and a standard deviation of the distribution of diameters of 15 per cent. 532 BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PR8 INFLUENZA VIRUS this study they observed that the infectious principles of the A and B strains have filtration end-points of 163 and 180 m#, respectively, indicating that the infectious particles have diameters within the range 80 to 135 m/~ (8). For additional information, or to request that your IP address be unblocked, please send an email to PMC. 1992 May;73 ( Pt 5):1159-65. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-73-5-1159. Viral load - influenza virus titres in lung homogenates, nasal washes or BAL. Neutrophils have been implicated in both protective and pathological responses following influenza virus infections. weight 33000. This strain was isolated in 1934 from a human patient in Puerto Rico and was deposited by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Identification of morphological differences between avian influenza A viruses grown in chicken and duck cells. The invention relates to a nucleic acid construct encoding at least three RNA molecules comprising a double-stranded region, wherein the RNA molecules reduce influenza A virus replication in an animal cell and/or reduce production of infectious influenza A virus particles in an animal cell and/or reduce the expression of an influenza A virus polypeptide in an influenza A virus infected animal . Your email has not been verified. The extrapolated value for one preparation was 722 Svedberg units and the value for another preparation was 658 units. After purification by density gradient procedures, the virus preparations were tested for the presence of host antigens with antisera to appropriate host materials. The .gov means its official. The migration of the data, tools, and services from the legacy IRD and ViPR applications to BV-BRC is now complete. J Exp Med. 8600 Rockville Pike The average particle diameter of the anhydrous PR8 virus particle was calculated from sedimentation and specific volume data to be about 80 mmicro. Evidence is also reported which suggests that cellular actin is an integral component of highly purified PR8 virions, though probably unrelated to host antigen. WSN, PR8 and P09 viruses were inhibited by SERINC5, whereas the H3N2 virus was resistant (Fig 4G). Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! J Exp Med. Accessibility Electron micrographs showed slightly irregular, circular particles with an average diameter of 115 m and a standard deviation of the distribution of diameters of 15 per cent. Bradshaw GL, Schlesinger RW, Schwartz CD. . To identify Ab-dependent properties and serum components that contributed to enhancement of Ab activity, we screened a large panel of HA-specific MAbs for hemagglutination inhibition (HI) in the presence of noninactivated serum from naive mice (NMS). More than a million books are available now via BitTorrent. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Careers. Our non-RG Cambridge lineage PR8 is a much worse plaque former than the RG clone we got from Ron Fouchier. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Register or Login to get started. The new BV-BRC system is built on the PATRIC system. Clinical scores following infection with PR8 (H1N1 influenza). The variation of sedimentation rate with concentration was shown to be due entirely to the variation of solution viscosity with concentration. Sedimentation studies in sucrose solutions of varying densities showed a non-linear dependence of sedimentation rate upon solvent density, indicating that the density in solution increases with increasing sugar concentration. Careers. combination vaccinescombination vaccines .. .. The sedimentation rate of the biological activities of influenza A virus, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 80: 521 (1944). Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. Please refer to this Quick Start Guide to learn how to start using BV-BRC. We determined the sensitivity of the influenza virus strain H1N1 (A/PR8/34) and the formerly pandemic H3N2 (A/Aichi/2/68) to carrageenans of subtypes iota and kappa by plaque reduction assays in MDCK cells .The results are summarized in Table 1.The two carrageenan types inhibited plaque formation of both viruses . Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the genome sequences of . Fig. Please contact us if you have any questions or issues. PLOS Pathogens publishes Open Access research and commentary that significantly advance the understanding of pathogens and how they interact with host organisms.. Get Started To examine that our model can recognize influenza CPE induced by different influenza virus strains, we collected about 120 image of MDCK cells infected by pandemic H1N1/09, H3N2, and influenza B at 16 . Modification du fond gntique PR8 pour l'optimisation qualitative et . 1944 Dec 1;80(6):549-59 Although both PR8 and CA04 belong to H1N1 IAV, they have distinct origins ( Califano et al., 2018 ). LAUFFER, M.A., Biophysical properties of preparations of PR8 influenza virus, JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE 80: 531 (1944). The specific volume was determined with a pycnometer to be 0.79. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Apigenin suppresses influenza A virus-induced RIG-I activation and viral replication Flavonoid apigenin is low toxicity and few favorable bioactivities, including anti-tumor properties, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory activity and antiviral. Influenza virus vaccines containing from 1 to 10 mg. of virus materials per cc. The specific volume was determined with a pycnometer to be 0.79. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the This virus was named Influenza B and the inactivated. Careers. 1944 Aug 1;80(2):83-100. doi: 10.1084/jem.80.2.83. This corresponds to a distribution of diameters with a standard deviation of 4 per cent of the mean. 2015 Mar 2;199:9-19. doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.01.005. The production of influenza virus vaccines relies on reassortment , which requires coinfection of cells with a circulating wild-type strain that provides the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) segments and either A/PR/8/34 (PR8) virus (an attenuated human virus that provides high-growth properties in eggs) or a live attenuated virus that . ( A) An influenza viral particle diffuses to the polycation-coated surface from solution and ( B) adheres to it. Find diseases associated with this biological target and compounds tested against it in bioassay experiments. Disclaimer, National Library of Medicine Attenuated negative strand viruses with altered interferon antagonist activity for use as vaccines and pharmaceuticalsAttenuated negative strand viruses with altered interferon antagonist activity for use as vaccines and pharmaceuticals .. .. . Influenza A virus PB1-F2, encoding a multi-functional protein, is regarded as a virulent gene. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Influenza A virus replication cycle The RNA segments of the viral genome have complementary base sequences at the terminal ends, allowing them to bond to each other with hydrogen bonds. strain of human influenza and the Shope strain of swine influenza virus. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Product category Viruses Product type ; Contact Us Have a question, idea, or some feedback? Brief exposure of PR8 influenza virus at pH 4.5 to extracts of Aspergillus niger abolished the red cell . Summary Certain biological properties of an influenza A virus variant, obtained in vivo from the lung tissue of mice infected with A-PR 8 influenza virus and treated with Xenalamine, have been studied. The viscosity of the virus preparations can be explained as being due in great part to the presence of the slower sedimenting contaminating components which possess a very high intrinsic viscosity. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help In the severe influenza model group (500 PFU), 3 of. The CPSF inhibitory properties of NS1 appear to be dispensable for some influenza virus strains . }, author={J. Bronwyn Bateman and A. Zellner and M. Stuart Davis and P A McCAFFREY}, journal={Archives of . Bookshelf J Exp Med. Search for other works by this author on: Copyright, 1944, by The Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research New York, This site uses cookies. Try another strain of virus in parallel, but not a recent H3N2 or pdm2009 for. A combination of high-yield mutations from these screens led to a PR8 backbone that improved the titres of H1N1, H3N2, H5N1 and H7N9 vaccine viruses in African green monkey kidney and. Together, these data demonstrate that SERINC5 . Inactivated influenza vaccines are manufactured from reassortant viruses obtained by transferring the HA and NA genes with the desired antigenic properties into a high-growth strain such as PR8 ( 33 ). Evaluation by immunoelectrophoretic methods. A Biblioteca Virtual em Sade uma colecao de fontes de informacao cientfica e tcnica em sade organizada e armazenada em formato eletrnico nos pases da Regio Latino-Americana e do Caribe, acessveis de forma universal na Internet de modo compatvel com as bases internacionais. 8600 Rockville Pike The immunogenicity in mice of virus that had been exposed to A. niger extract appeared to be very broad, since vaccination of mice with such material gave protection against challenge with strains of influenza A virus representing all major serotypes as well as one type B influenza virus. The new BV-BRC system is built on the PATRIC Bacterial BRC system and incorporates data and tools from IRD and ViPR. THE SEDIMENTATION RATE OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF INFLUENZA A VIRUS. Morphologial and structural analysis of influenza virus PR8 strain at pH 5.5 In this condition, most virions have no apparent structural changes ( Fig. After purification by density gradient procedures, the virus preparations were tested for the presence of host antigens with . A more slowly sedimenting component was observed with the ultracentrifuge in the highest concentrations of several of the preparations. Mice were inoculated intranasally with non-lung-adapted influenza viruses of subtype H1N1pdm09. [Identification of the antigenic components of the host cell in isolated glycoproteins of the influenza virus]. 5. Would you like email updates of new search results? These viruses often spill over to poultry and some can subsequently be transmitted to h. Full article: Emergence of chicken infection with novel reassortant H3N8 avian influenza viruses genetically close to human H3N8 isolate, China The virus particles floated in a sugar solution with a density of 1.18. Journal Archive Collections Pearls Reviews Opinions Editorials Find and Read Articles Publish Submissions Getting Started Submission Guidelines Figures Tables Data Sharing Support Supporting Information LaTeX Other Article Types Preprints Revising Your Manuscript Submit Now Policies Best Practices Research. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the An official website of the United States government. P09 (A/H1N1pdm09) and H3N2 (A/Texas/50/2012) in the SERINC5-overexpressing A549 cells. Influenza virus infection potently induces expression of both pro- and anti-inflammatory genes in vivo that contribute to the inflammatory response . For example, infection of mice with the pathogenic PR8 strain of influenza virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 [H1N1]) at a sublethal dose results in spread of the virus to the heart and replication to low levels ( 9, 10 ), but the resulting myocarditis is mild and resolves quickly as the virus is cleared ( 9 ). The biophysical properties of several preparations of PR8 influenza virus have been studied. The PR8 strain of influenza A virus was grown in canine kidney cell cultures and in chick and duck embryos. . One of the important lessons learned from the 2009 H1N1 pandemic is that a high yield influenza vaccine virus is essential for efficient and timely production of pandemic vaccines in eggs. However, the effect of Apigenin on influenza virus infection remains poorly understood. . In this study, we detected three H12 IAVs from Anascrecca and Anas formosa in Poyang Lake, China, in 2018, one of which was isolated. Segment 8 encodes two distinct non-structural proteins (NS1 and NEP) by using different reading frames from the same RNA segment. Influenza viruses cause annual influenza epidemics and occasional pandemics, which pose a significant threat to public health worldwide. Support Center Find answers to questions about products, access, use, setup, and administration. J Exp Med. The discrepancy between this value and that obtained from the electron micrographs, the greater size distribution from the electron micrographs, the slight irregularities in some of the particles as observed in the electron micrographs, the behavior of the sedimentation process in sucrose solutions of different densities, and the inactivation of the virus by withdrawal of electrolytes can all be explained in a straightforward manner if it is assumed that the virus particles in solution contain, in addition to the constituents shown by chemical analysis, about 60 per cent by weight of water. The CCA activity of the PR8 virus in phosphate buffer was most stable at pH 7, that of the swine virus at pH 7-8, and that of the Lee virus at a pH greater than 9. 1944 Feb 1;79(2):197-203 Virus Res. Use of PMC is free, but must comply with the terms of the Copyright Notice on the PMC site. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Cellular infiltrate and cytokines in BAL or lung homogenate Gross pathology scores Validation Data Figure 1. THE PREPARATION OF HIGHLY PURIFIED PR8 INFLUENZA VIRUS FROM INFECTED MOUSE LUNGS. PRECIPITIN REACTIONS OF HIGHLY PURIFIED INFLUENZA VIRUSES AND RELATED MATERIALS. La Biblioteca Virtual en Salud es una coleccin de fuentes de informacin cientfica y tcnica en salud organizada y almacenada en formato electrnico en la Regin de Amrica Latina y el Caribe, accesible de forma universal en Internet de modo compatible con las bases internacionales. Max A. Lauffer, W. M. Stanley; BIOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PREPARATIONS OF PR8 INFLUENZA VIRUS . Type I interferon regulates proteolysis by macrophages to prevent immunopathology following viral infection By contrast with SP-D, human SP-A also has considerable HA inhibitory activity for PR8 (Hartshorn, manuscript submitted). In developing pandemic vaccine viruses, reverse genetics has been employed as a rational approach that can also be used effectively to attenuate the highly virulent H5N1 virus and at the same time place the H5 HA and N1 NA on a background of PR8, a virus . MeClelland, L., Canadian Public Health Journal 32: 530 (1941). As a result, all infected mice died within 9 days postinfection. -, J Exp Med. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted 1944 Mar 1;79(3):301-17. doi: 10.1084/jem.79.3.301. the h5 seed virus (re-8) contains the ha and na genes from the clade 2.3.4.4 virus a/chicken/guizhou/4/2013 (h5n1) and its six internal genes from the high-growth a/puerto rico/8/1934 (h1n1) (pr8) virus and has been used in china since 2015 [ 7, 10 ], and the h7 seed virus (h7-re1) is a reassortant bearing the ha and na genes of the h7n9 low The viscosity of the virus preparations can be explained as being due in great part to the presence of the slower sedimenting contaminating components which possess a very high intrinsic viscosity. Body weight loss in mice infected with 50 and 500 PFU of PR8 virus was almost 4% and 13% at 3 dpi, and 17% and 25% at 6 dpi, respectively. First, the density of the spike proteins has become blurred in some localized areas of the envelope. Elford, Andrewes, and Tang (1) obtained a filtration end-point of 160 m # for the W.S. Proposed mechanism of influenza virus inactivation by N, N -dodecyl,methyl-PEI coatings. A more slowly sedimenting component was observed with the ultracentrifuge in the highest concentrations of several of the preparations. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal An official website of the United States government. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. For requests to be unblocked, you must include all of the information in the box above in your message. The sedimentation rate was found to vary inversely with the concentration of virus. We have used mAb 1A8 (anti-Ly6G) to specifically deplete LyG6high neutrophils and induce neutropenia in mice infected with virus strains known to differ in virulence. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the C3m was not effective against H1N1 pr8 influenza A virus, which binds to glycosylated oligosaccharides that terminate in a sialic acid , suggesting that the C3m effect is specific to ICAM-1-mediated effects on viral replication. Accessibility Influenza vaccine manufacturers require antigenically relevant vaccine viruses that have good manufacturing properties and are safe to use. Before MeSH HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help An official website of the United States government. The discrepancy between this value and that obtained from the electron micrographs, the greater size distribution from the electron micrographs, the slight irregularities in some of the particles as observed in the electron micrographs, the behavior of the sedimentation process in sucrose solutions of different densities, and the inactivation of the virus by withdrawal of electrolytes can all be explained in a straightforward manner if it is assumed that the virus particles in solution contain, in addition to the constituents shown by chemical analysis, about 60 per cent by weight of water. Addresses across the entire subnet were used to download content in bulk, in violation of the terms of the PMC Copyright Notice. This corresponds to a distribution of diameters with a standard deviation of 4 per cent of the mean. Effects of cell differentiation on replication of A/WS/33, WSN, and A/PR/8/34 influenza viruses in mouse brain cell cultures: biological and immunological characterization of products.
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